A major portion of OJJDP's annual appropriation supports five formula and block grant programs that provide funds directly to States, U.S. territories, and the District of Columbia to help them prevent and control juvenile delinquency and improve their juvenile justice systems. Under OJJDP's leadership, each program has made tremendous strides.

The oldest of these programs, the Formula Grants Program, has been the impetus for State and local reforms of the juvenile justice system. In addition to bringing about overall improvements in the system, the Formula Grants Program has been the primary reason that States have deinstitutionalized status offenders and nonoffenders, separated juveniles from adults in institutional settings, and removed juveniles from adult jails and lockups. Most recently, the Formula Grants Program has been successful in helping States determine whether minority juveniles are being disproportionately confined in secure detention and correctional facilities, determine the reasons for minority overrepresentation, and adopt interventions to reduce overrepresentation. The Title V Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs, often referred to as the Community Prevention Grants program, is also making a difference by offering communities a funding incentive to develop comprehensive and coordinated delinquency prevention strategies that focus on risk and protective factors. It is especially rewarding to see Title V communities develop and implement programs that strengthen families and help children become law-abiding and productive members of society. The State Challenge Activities program is encouraging States to revamp their juvenile justice systems by providing funds to help the States develop, adopt, and improve policies and programs in 1 or more of 10 critical program areas identified by Congress. States participating in this program are developing activities to stimulate positive changes in their juvenile justice systems.

During FY 1998, OJJDP added two new block grant programs: the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants (JAIBG) program and the Combating Underage Drinking (CUD) program. JAIBG provides funds to States and localities to implement programs that focus on holding juveniles accountable for their offenses. CUD provides block grants to each State and the District of Columbia to support law enforcement programs that target establishments that sell alcohol to minors, create public awareness campaigns, and implement programs to prevent and combat underage drinking.

The accomplishments of these five programs—Formula Grants, Title V Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs, State Challenge Activities, JAIBG, and CUD—are described in this chapter. The chart, OJJDP FY 1998 Formula-Based Awards, indicates FY 1998 State awards for each program.

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OJJDP Annual Report 1998	October 1999