A Comprehensive Bibliography of Scholarly Research and Literature Relating to Juvenile Sex Offenders

A Comprehensive Bibliography of Scholarly Research and Literature
Relating to Juvenile Sex Offenders ^[1]

December, 2002

The authors compiled a bibliography of literature on juvenile male and female sex offenders, and general child growth and development. Because limited information is available on juvenile female sex offenders, the bibliography also includes literature on adult female sex offenders. A comprehensive literature search, which began in the Spring, 1998 and continued through April, 1999, resulted in the collection of 517 bibliographic entries (417 juvenile sex offender entries and 100 general growth and development entries).The juvenile sex offender bibliography was updated in 2002 to include publications through August, 2002 and 114 publications were added.The current bibliography contains a total of 531 juvenile sex offender publications.The general growth and development section of the bibliography was not updated in 2002.

Potential juvenile sex offender bibliographic entries were identified through a number of on-line computer searches using the term sex offender(s) combined with the following search terms: adolescent, boy, child, female, girl, juvenile, male, teen, teenage, young, youth and youthful. Relevant materials were also identified through references used in existing publications.

The following multidisciplinary computerized databases were searched in the Spring and Fall of 1998 and in the Summer of 2002 for relevant articles, books, and reports: Applied Science and Technology, Article 1st, CARL Uncover, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Contemporary Women's Issues, ERIC, Criminal Justice Abstracts, Expanded Academic ASAP, FirstSearch, General Science Abstracts, GPO Access (MOCAT), Health Reference Center, Humanities Abstracts, Illinet Online, LegalTrac, Lexis Academic Universe, LEXIS/NEXIS, Library Literature, MedLine, National Criminal Justice Database, PAIS (Public Affairs Information Service), Periodical Abstracts, Psych INFO, Reader's Guide Abstracts, Social Science Abstracts, Wilson, and World Cat.In addition, Proquest was searched during the Summer of 2002.

The usefulness of a bibliography is grounded in the availability of the materials. Materials identified through the computerized searches were collected. If the materials were unavailable through library loan, they were omitted from the bibliography. Each article, book, book chapter, and report was reviewed to determine its applicability to juvenile sexual offending or female adult sexual offending. Materials collected for the bibliography that did not discuss topics relevant to our purposes were deleted from the collection.

Collected materials were reviewed and divided into seven major categories by the research team. Categories were further subdivided into individual sections as appropriate.

A separate representative collection of articles focusing on child growth and development was identified by the psychologist on the research team. This collection, which includes materials relevant to cognitive and moral development, and emotional and behavioral control, are included in a separate categorical bibliography. The growth and development literature was kept separate from the alphabetical bibliography to allow the user to distinguish between sex offender and developmental literature.

It should also be noted that a limited number of readily available masters theses and doctoral dissertations were collected for inclusion in this bibliography. If you are the author of a publication, thesis, or dissertation that does not appear in this bibliography, please provide us with a full copy of the publication and the process by which other users may obtain copies, and we will be happy to add it to our collection. In addition, if you are the author of a publication that is incorrectly cited in our bibliography, please pardon our error and provide us with a corrected citation and we will make the appropriate corrections.

Contact:
Cindy J. Smith, Ph.D.
Director, Criminal Justice Graduate Program
School of Public Affairs
University of Baltimore
1420 N. Charles St.
Baltimore, MD 21201
Telephone 410-837-6087
Fax 410-837-6051
[email protected]

Literature Reviews

Becker, J. V. (1990). Treating adolescent sexual offenders. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 21(5), 362-365.

Becker, J. V., & Hunter, J. A. (1997). Understanding and treating child and adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 177-197.

Bischof, G. P., & Rosen, K. H. (1997). An ecological perspective on adolescent sexual offending. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26(1/2), 67-88.

Bourke, M. L., & Donohue, B. (1996). Assessment and treatment of juvenile sex offenders:An empirical review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 5(1), 47-70.

Boyd, N. J., Hagan, M., & Cho, M. E. (1999). Characteristics of adolescent sex offenders: A review of the research. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 5(2), 137-146.

Brown, E. J., & Kolko, D. J. (1998). Treatment efficacy and program evaluation with juvenile sexual abusers: A critique with directions for service delivery and research. Child Maltreatment, 3(4), 362-374.

Camp, B. H., & Thyer, B. A. (1993). Treatment of adolescent sex offenders: A review of empirical research. Journal of Applied Social Sciences, 17(2), 191-206.

Davis, G. E., & Leitenberg, H. (1987). Adolescent sex offenders. Psychological Bulletin, 101(3), 417-127.

Ertl, M. A., & McNamara, J. R. (1997). Treatment of juvenile sex offenders: A review of the literature. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 14(3), 199-221.

Hunter, J. A. (2000). Understanding juvenile sex offenders: Research findings and guidelines for effective management and treatment. Rockville MD: National Institute of Justice/NCJRS.

Kosky, R. J. (1989). Should sex offenders be treated? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 23, 176-180.

Marshall, W. L. (1996). Assessment, treatment, and theorizing about sex offenders: Developments during past twenty years and future directions. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 23(1), 162-199.

Martin, E. F., & Pruett, M. K. (1998). The juvenile sex offender and the juvenile justice system. American Criminal Law Review, 35(2), 279-332.

Morenz, B., & Becker, J. (1995). The treatment of youthful sexual offenders. Applied & Preventive Psychology, 4(4), 247-257.

Pithers, W. D., & Gray, A. (1998). The science of sex offenders: Risk assessment, treatment, and prevention: The other half of the story: Children with sexual behavior problems. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 4, 200.

Righthand, S., & Welch, C. (2001). Juveniles who have sexually offended: A review of the professional literature. Washington DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

Ryan, G. (1997). Sexually abusive youth. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 3-9). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1999).Treatment of sexually abusive youth: The evolving consensus.Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14(4), 422-436.

Shaw, J. A. (2000). Summary of the practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents who are sexually abusive of others. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(1), 127 - 130.

Vizard, E., Monck, E., & Misch, P. (1995). Child and adolescent sex abuse perpetrators: A review of the research literature. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36(5), 731-756.

Vizard, E., Wynick, S., Hawkes, C., Woods, J., & Jenkins, J. (1996). Juvenile sexual offenders:Assessment issues. British Journal of Psychiatry, 168(3), 259-262.

Weinrott, M. R. (1996). Juvenile Sexual Aggression: A Critical Review. Boulder, CO: Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence, University of Colorado.

Books & Reports

Ageton, S. S. (1983). Sexual assault among adolescents. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers. (1997). Ethical standards and principles for the management of sexual abusers. Beaverton, OR: Author.

Bolton, F. G., Morris, L. A., & MacEachron, A. E. (1989). Male child sexual abuse, Males at risk: The other side of child sexual abuse (pp. 46-58). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Breer, W. (1996). The adolescent molester (2nd ed.). Springfield, IL: Thomas Books.

Cumming, G., & Buell, M. (1997). The supervision of the sex offender. Brandon VT: Safer Society Press.

Doshay, L. J. (1943). The boy sex offender and his later career. New York: Grune & Stratton.

Frey, C. L. (1995). Double jeopardy: Treating juvenile victims and perpetrators for the dual disorder of sexual abuse and substance abuse. Dubuque, IA: Islewest Publishing.

Jackson, I. F. (1984). A preliminary survey of adolescent sex offenses in New York: Remedies and recommendations. Syracuse, NY: Safer Society Press.

Knopp, F. H. (1985). The youthful sex offender: The rationale and goals of early intervention and treatment. Syracuse, NY: Safer Society Press.

Miner, M. H. (1999). Recidivism report 1999: Evaluation of the juvenile sex offender treatment program: Minnesota Correctional Facility-Sauk Centre. Minneapolis, MN: Program in Human Sexuality, Department of Family Practice and Community Health, University of Minnesota.

National Adolescent Perpetrator Network. (1988). Preliminary report from the National Task Force on Juvenile Sexual Offending, 1988. JuvenileFamily Court Journal, 39(2), 1-67.

National Adolescent Perpetrator Network. (1993). Revised report from the National Task Force on Juvenile Sexual Offending, 1993. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 4(44), 1 - 120.

Perry, G. P., & Orchard, J. (1992). Assessment and treatment of adolescent sex offenders. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.

Righthand, S., & The Committee on Child Sex Abuse Research Task Force. (1989). Young sex offenders in Maine. Portland, ME: Human Service Development Institute.

Ryan, G. D., & Lane, S. L. (Eds.). (1991). Juvenile sexual offending. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (Eds.). (1997). Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

State of Minnesota Office of the Legislative Auditor (Program Evaluation Division). (1994). Sex offender treatment programs. St. Paul, MN:Author.

Steen, C., & Monnette, B. (1989). Treating adolescent sex offenders in the community. Springfield IL: Thomas Books.

Book Reviews

Barbaree, H. E. (1994). Book Review: “Sex Offenders: Dynamics and Psychotherapeutic Strategies”. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 23(2), 237-242.

Burkhart, B. (1993). Mirroring the maturation of our work: Adolescent sexual offending. Journal of Sex Research, 31(2), 159-161.

Fehrenbach, P. (1993). [Review of the book: “Treating adolescent sex offenders in the community”.] Archives of Sexual Behavior, 22(1), 82-84.

Haynes-Seman, C. (1993). [Review of the book: “Women sex offenders: Treatment and dynamics.”] Child AbuseNeglect, 17(6), 856.

Hunter, J. A. (1996). [Review of the book: “The juvenile sex offender”.] Archives of Sexual Behavior, 25(4,), 431-434.

Openshaw, D. K. (1993). [Review of the book “Assessment and Treatment of Adolescent Sex Offenders”]. Family Relations. 42(4), 472-473.

Sinifred, M.(1993). [Review of the book “Women sex offenders: Treatment and dynamics”.]Corrections Today,55(3), 112.

Assessment: Decision Making

Arp, P. O. (1997). A national survey of NAPN treaters of adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26(1/2), 109-124.

Baird, D. (1991). A model for immediate voluntary assessment of male adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Child and Youth Care Special Issue, 77-85.

Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1988). The assessment of adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Behavioral Assessment of Children and Families, 4, 97-118.

Bethea-Jackson, G., & Brissett-Chapman, S. (1989). The juvenile sex offender: Challenges to assessment for outpatient intervention. Child and Adolescent Social Work, 6(2), 127-137.

Bremer, J. F. (1998). Challenges in the assessment and treatment of sexually abusive adolescents. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 19(1), 82-92.

Cashwell, C. S., & Caruso, M. E. (1997). Adolescent sex offenders: Identification and intervention strategies. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 19(4), 336-348.

Friedrich, W. N., Gerber, P. N., Koplin, B., Davis, M., Giese, J., Mykelbust, C., & Franckowiak, D. (2001). Multimodal assessment of dissociation in adolescents: Inpatients and juvenile sex offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 13(3), 167-177.

Gray, A., Pithers, W., Busconi, A., & Houchens, P. (Fall, 1997). Children with sexual behavior problems: An empirically derived taxonomy. The Forum: Newsletter of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers(ATSA). 9(4), 10-11.

Groth, A. N., & Loredo, C. M. (1981). Juvenile sexual offenders: Guidelines for assessment. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 25, 31-39.

Groth, A. N., Hobson, W. F., Lucey, K. P., & St. Pierre, J. (1981). Juvenile sexual offenders: Guidelines for treatment. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 25, 265-272.

Harnett, P. H., & Misch, P. (1993). Developmental issues in the assessment and treatment of adolescent perpetrators of sexual abuse. Journal of Adolescence, 16, 397-405.

Hughes, S. A., DeVille, C., Chalhoub, M., & Romboletti, R. (1992). The Rorschach human anatomy response:Predicting sexual offending behavior in juveniles. Journal of Psychiatry and Law, 20(3), 313-333.

Hunter, J. A., Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M., & Goodwin, D. W. (1991). Reliability and discriminative utility of the Adolescent Cognitions Scale for juvenile sexual offenders. Annals of Sex Research, 4, 281-286.

Johnson, T. C., & Feldmeth, J. R. (1993). Sexual behaviors: a continuum. In E. Gil & T. C. Johnson (Eds.), Sexualized children: Assessment and treatment of sexualized children and children who molest (pp. 39-52). Rockville, MD: Launch Press.

Knight, R. A., & Prentky, R. (1993). Exploring characteristics for classifying juvenile sex offenders. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 45-79). New York: The Guilford Press.

Lane, S. (1997). Assessment of sexually abusive youth. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 219-263). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Losada Paisey, G. (1998). Use of the MMPI-A to assess personality of juvenile male delinquents who are sex offenders and nonsex offenders. Psychological Reports, 83, 115-122.

MacHovec, F., & Wieckowski, E. (1992). The 10FC Ten-Factor Continua of classification and treatment criteria for male and female sex offenders. Medical Psychotherapy, 5, 53-63.

O’Brien, M., & Bera, W. W. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders: A descriptive typology. Preventing sexual abuse: A newsletter of the National Family Life Education Network, 1(3), 1-4.

Pithers, W. D., Becker, J. V., Kafka, M., Morenz, B., Schlank, A., & Leombruno, T. (1995). Children with sexual behavior problems, adolescent sexual abusers, and adult sex offenders:Assessment and treatment. Review of Psychiatry, 14, 779-818.

Ross, J., & Loss, P. (1991). Assessment of the juvenile sex offender. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 199-251). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Saunders, E. B., & Awad, G. A. (1988). Assessment, management, and treatment planning for male adolescent sexual offenders. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58(4), 571-579.

Simourd, D. J., Hoge, R. D., Andrews, D. A., & Leschied, A. W. (1994). An empirically-based typology of male young offenders. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 36(4), 447-461.

Smith, W. R., & Monastersky, C. (1986). Assessing juvenile sexual offenders' risk for reoffending. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 13(2), 115-140.

Steinberg, J. S. (1997). Assessing the reoffense for juvenile sex offenders in Lane County Oregon, Unpublished master's thesis. University of Oregon.

Stickrod Gray, A., & Wallace, R. (1992). Adolescent sexual offender assessment packet. Brandon, VT: The Safer Society Press.

Vizard, E., Wynick, S., Hawkes, C., Woods, J., & Jenkins, J. (1996). Juvenile sexual offenders:Assessment issues. British Journal of Psychiatry, 168(3), 259-262.

Assessment: Tool Development

Bonner, B. L., Marx, B. P., Thompson, T. J., & Michaelson, P. (1998). Assessment of adolescent sexual offenders. Child Maltreatment, 3(4), 374-383.

Bruinsma, F. (1995). Immediate assessment of adolescent sex offenders seen at the police station. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Counseling, 39(4), 307-316.

Cross, T. P., & Saxe, L. (2001). Polygraph testing and sexual abuse: The lure of the magic lasso. Child Maltreatment, 6(3), 195-206.

Fischer, L., & Smith, G. M. (1999). Statistical adequacy of the Abel Assessment for Interest in Paraphilias. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11(3), 195-205.

Hindman, J., & Peters, J. M. (2001). Polygraph testing leads to better understanding adult and juvenile sex offenders. Federal Probation, 65(3), 8-15.

Kraemer, B. D., Spielman, C. R., & Salisbury, S. B. (1997). Juvenile sex offender psychometric assessment. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: New insights, treatment innovations, and legal developments (Vol. II, pp. 11-01 - 11-13). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Langstrom, N., & Grann, M. (2000). Risk for criminal recidivism among young sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15(8), 855-871.

Palmer, L., Farrar, A. R., Valle, M., Ghahary, N., Panell, M., & DeGraw, D. (2000). An investigation of the clinical use of the House-Tree-Person projective drawings in the psychological evaluation of child sexual abuse. Child Maltreatment, 5(2), 169-176.

Prentky, R., Harris, B., Frizzell, K., & Righthand, S. (2000). An actuarial procedure for assessing risk with juvenile sex offenders. Sexual Abuse: Journal of Research & Treatment, 12(2), 71-93.

Ryan, G. D., Metzner, J., & Krugman, R. D. (1990). When the abuser is a child. In R. K. Oates (Ed.), Understanding and managing child sexual abuse (pp. 285-273). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Smith, G., & Fischer, L. (1999). Assessment of juvenile sexual offenders: Reliability and validity of the Abel Assessment for Interest in Paraphilias. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11(3), 207-216.

Witt, P. H., DelRusso, J., & Ferguson, G. (1996). Sex offender risk assessment and the law. The Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 24(3), 343-377.

Zussman, R. (1989). Forensic evaluation of the adolescent sex offender. Forensic Reports, 2, 25-45.

Treatment: Physiological Research

Becker, J. V., Hunter, J. A., Goodwin, D., Kaplan, M. S., & Martinez, D. (1992). Test-retest reliability of audio-taped phallometric stimuli with adolescent sexual offenders. Annals of Sex Research, 5, 45-51.

Becker, J. V., Hunter, J. A., Stein, R. M., & Kaplan, M. S. (1989). Factors associated with erection in adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 11(4), 353-362.

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., & Kavoussi, R. (1988). Measuring the effectiveness of treatment for the aggressive adolescent sexual offender. In R. A. Prentky & V. L. Quinsey (Eds.), Human Sexual Aggression: Current Perspectives (pp. 215-222). New York: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., & Tenke, C. E. (1992). The relationship of abuse history, denial, and erectile response of profiles of adolescent sexual perpetrators. Behavior Therapy, 23, 87-97.

Becker, J. V., Stein, R. M., Kaplan, M. S., & Cunningham-Rathner, J. (1992). Erection response characteristics of adolescent sex offenders. Annals of Sex Research., 5(2), 81-86.

Bradford, J. (1993). The pharmacological treatment of the adolescent sex offender. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 278-289). New York: The Guilford Press.

Card, R. D., & Dibble, A. (1995). Predictive value of the Card/Farrall stimuli in discriminating between gynephilic and pedophilic sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse:A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7(2), 129-141.

Castonguay, L. G., Proulx, J., Aubut, J., McKibben, A., & Campbell, M. (1993). Sexual preference assessment of sexual aggressors:Predictors of penile response magnitude. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 22(4), 325-335.

Emerick, R. L., & Dutton, W. A. (1993). The effect of polygraphy on the self report of adolescent sex offenders:Implications for risk assessment. Annals of Sex Research, 6(2), 83-103.

Hunter, J. A., & Becker, J. V. (1994). The role of deviant sexual arousal in juvenile sexual offending: Etiology, evaluation, and treatment. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21(1), 132-149.

Hunter, J. A., & Goodwin, D. W. (1992). The clinical utility of satiation therapy with juvenile sexual offenders:Variations and efficacy. Annals of Sex Research, 5(2), 71-80.

Hunter, J. A., Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1995). The Adolescent Sexual Interest Card Sort:Test-retest reliability and concurrent validity in relation to phallometric assessment. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 24(5), 555-562.

Hunter, J. A., Goodwin, D. W., & Becker, J. V. (1994). The relationship between phallometrically measured deviant sexual arousal and clinical characteristics in juvenile sexual offenders. Behavioral Researchand Therapy, 32(5), 533-538.

Kaemingk, K. L., Koselka, M., Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1995). Age and adolescent sexual offender arousal. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7(4), 249-257.

Kaplan, M. S., Morales, M., & Becker, J. V. (1993). The impact of verbal satiation on adolescent sex offenders:A preliminary report. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2(3), 81-88.

Murphy, W. D., DiLillo, D., Haynes, M. R., & Steer, E. (2001). An exploration of factors related to deviant sexual arousal among juvenile sex offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 13(2), 91-103.

Seto, M. C., Lalumiere, M. L., & Blanchard, R. (2000). The discriminative validity of a phallometric test for pedophilic interest among adolescent sex offenders against children. Psychological Assessment, 12(3), 319-327.

Weinrott, M. R., Riggan, M., & Frothingham, S. (1997). Reducing deviant arousal in juvenile sex offenders using vicarious sensitization. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12(5), 704-728.

Treatment Elements

Becker, J. V., & Stein, R. M. (1991). Is sexual erotica associated with sexual deviance in adolescent males? International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 14, 85-95.

Brannon, J. M., & Troyer, R. (1991). Peer group counseling:A normalized residential alternative to the specialized treatment of adolescent sex offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 35(3), 225-234.

Brannon, J. M., Larson, B., & Doggett, M. (1991). Peer counseling strategies: Facilitating self-disclosure among sexually victimized juvenile offenders. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 11(2), 51-58.

Brown, C. M., Traverso, G., & Fedoroff, J. P. (1996). Masturbation prohibition in sex offenders: A crossover study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 25(4), 397-409.

Brown, S. D. (1997). Use of experiential activities in treatment of juvenile sex offenders: A multifamily group treatment model. Offender Programs Report, 1(3), 35-47.

Brown, S. M. (2000). Healthy sexuality and the treatment of sexually abusive youth. New York: Sex Education and Education Council.

Derezotes, D. (2002). Evaluation of yoga and mediation trainings with adolescent sex offenders. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 17(2), 97-113.

Elliott, D. M., & Smiljanich, K. (1994). Sex offending among juveniles: Development and response. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 8(3), 101-105.

Fieldman, J. P., & Crespi, T. D. (2002). Child sexual abuse:Offenders, disclosure, and school-based initiatives. Adolescence, 37(145), 151-160.

French, D. D. (1989). Distortion and lying as defense processes in the adolescent child molester. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services and Rehabilitation, 13(1), 27-37.

Gerber, J. (1994). The use of art therapy in juvenile sex offender specific treatment. Arts in Psychotherapy, 21(5), 367-374.

Gerdes, K. E., Gourly, M. M., & Cash, M. C. (1995). Assessing juvenile sex offenders to determine adequate levels of supervision. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19(8), 953-961.

Goldsmith, H. R. (1988). The role of the juvenile probation officer regarding the adolescent sex offender and related issues. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services & Rehabilitation, 12(2), 115-122.

Goodrow, K. K., & Lim, M. G. (1998). Attachment theory applied to juvenile sex offending. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 27(1/2), 149-165.

Goodrow, K. K., & Lim, M. G. (1999). Attachment theory applied to juvenile sex offending. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 27(1/2), 149-165.

Graves, R., Openshaw, D. K., & Adams, G. R. (1992). Adolescent sex offenders and social skills training. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 36(2), 139-153.

Greer, W. C. (1991). Aftercare: Community integration following institutional treatment. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 377-390). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Greer, W. C. (1997). Aftercare. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 417-430). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Hagood, M. (1994). Group art therapy with adolescent sex offenders. In M. Liebmann (Ed.), Art Therapy with Offenders (pp. 197-219). Bristol, PA: Kingsley.

Hains, A. A., Herrman, L. P., Baker, K. L., & Graber, S. (1986). The development of a psycho-educational group program for adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Counseling and Comparative Criminology, 11(1), 63-76.

Harnett, P. H., & Misch, P. (1993). Developmental issues in the assessment and treatment of adolescent perpetrators of sexual abuse. Journal of Adolescence, 16, 397-405.

Kahn, T. J., & Lafond, M. A. (1988). Treatment of the adolescent sexual offender. Child and Adolescent Social Work, 5(2), 135-148.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Tenke, C. (1991). Assessment of sexual knowledge and attitudes in an adolescent sex offender population. Journal of Sex Education & Therapy, 17(3), 217-225.

Kaul, A. (1993). Sex offenders - cure or management? Medical Science Law, 33(3), 207-212.

Kjol, R., & Weber, J. (1990). The 4th fire:Adventure-based counseling with juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Experiential Education, 13(3), 18-22.

Laben, J. K., Dodd, D., & Sneed, L. (1991). King's theory of goal attainment applied in group therapy for inpatient juvenile sexual offenders, maximum security state offenders, and community parolees, using visual aids. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 12, 51-64.

Lakey, J. F. (1992). Myth information and bizarre beliefs of male juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 13(1), 2-10.

Lakey, J. F. (1994). The profile of treatment of male adolescent sex offenders. Adolescence, 29(116), 755-762.

Lambie, I., Robson, M., & Simmonds, L. (1997). Embedding psychodrama in a wilderness group program for adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26(1/2), 89-107.

Lane, S. (1991). Special offender populations. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 299-331). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Lane, S. (1991). The sexual abuse cycle. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 103-141). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Lane, S. (1997). The sexual abuse cycle. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 77-121). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Lane, S., & Lobanov-Rostovsky, C. (1997). Special populations. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 322-359). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Lindsay, W. R., Olley, S., & Baillie, N. (1999). Treatment of adolescent sex offenders with intellectual disabilities. Mental Retardation, 37(3), 201-211.

Loar, L. (1994). Child sexual abuse:Several brief interventions with young perpetrators. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18(11), 977-986.

Lund, C. A. (1992). Long-term treatment of sexual behavior problems of adolescent and adult developmentally disabled persons. Annals of Sex Research, 5, 5-31.

Margolin, L. (1984). Group therapy as a means of learning about the sexually assaultive adolescent. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 28(1), 65-72.

Monto, M., Zgourides, G., & Harris, R. (1998). Empathy, self-esteem, and the adolescent sexual offender. Sexual Abuse:A Journal of Research and Treatment, 10(2) 127–140.

Monto, M., Zgourides, G., Wilson, J., & Harris, R. (1994). Empathy and adolescent male sex-offenders. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 79, 1598.

Murphy, W. D., & Page, I. J. (2000). Relapse prevention with adolescent sex offenders. In D. R. Laws, S. M. Hudson & T. Ward (Eds.), Remaking relapse prevention with sex offenders: A sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Muster, N. J. (1992). Treating the adolescent victim-turned-offender. Adolescence, 27(106), 441-450.

Newbauer, J. F., & Hess, S. W. (1994). Treating sex offenders and survivors conjointly:Gender issues with adolescent boys. Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 19(2), 129-135.

Northey, W. F. (1999). The politics of denial: A postmodern critique. In B. K. Schwartz (Ed.), The sex offender: Theoretical advances, treating special populations, and legal developments (Vol. III, pp. 32-01 - 32-09). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

Orr, B. Y. (1991). Male adolescent sex offenders: A comparison of two treatment approaches. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 87-101.

Perry, G. P., Dimnik, S., Ohm, P., & Wilks, B. L. (2000). Psychoeducational groups for adolescent sex offenders. In L. Vandecreek & T. L. Jackson (Eds.), Innovations in clinical practice: A source book (Vol. 18, pp. 311-322).

Ross, J. E., & de Villier, M. P. (1993). Safety considerations in developing an adolescent sex offender program in residential treatment. Sexual Abuse and Residential Treatment, 11(1), 37-47.

Rowe, B. (1988). Practical treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. Journal of Child Care, 3(6), 51-58.

Ryan, G. (1989). Victim to victimizer. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 4(3), 325-341.

Ryan, G. (1997). Creating an "abuse-specific" milieu. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 404-416). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1997). Integrating theory and method. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 267-321). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. D., Metzner, J., & Krugman, R. D. (1990). When the abuser is a child. In R. K. Oates (Ed.), Understanding and managing child sexual abuse (pp. 285-273). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (1991). Integrating theory and method. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 255-297). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., Lane, S., Davis, J., & Isaac, C. (1986). Juvenile sex offenders: Development and correction. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11, 385-395.

Saunders, E. B., & Awad, G. A. (1988). Assessment, management, and treatment planning for male adolescent sexual offenders. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58(4), 571-579.

Scavo, R. R., & Buchanan, B. D. (1989). Group therapy for male adolescent sex offenders:A model for residential treatment. Residential Treatment for Children & Youth, 7(2), 59-74.

Sciarra, D. T. (1999). Assessment and treatment of adolescent sex offenders: A review from a cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 28(3/4), 103-118.

Seasock, J. P. (1995). Identification of adolescent sexual offenders: A REBT model. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 13(4), 261-271.

Stevenson, H. C., & Wimberley, R. (1990). Assessment of treatment impact of sexually aggressive youth. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services & Rehabilitation, 15(2), 55-61.

Stevenson, H. C., Castillo, E., & Sefarbi, R. (1989). Treatment of denial in adolescent sex offenders and their families. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services & Rehabilitation, 14(1), 37-50.

Swenson, C. C., Henggeler, S. W., Schoenwald, S. K., Kaufman, K. L., & Randall, J. (1998). Changing the social ecologies of adolescent sexual offenders: Implications of the success of multisystemic therapy in treating serious antisocial behavior in adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 3(4), 330-338.

Thomas, J. (1991). The adolescent sex offender's family in treatment. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 333-376). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Thomas, J. (1997). The family in treatment. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 360-403). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Vaughn, M. S. (1992). Academic and vocational education for incarcerated adult and juvenile sex offenders:A national study. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 12, 47-61.

Whitford, R., & Parr, V. (1995). Uses of rational emotive behavior therapy with juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 13(4), 273-282.

Wodarski, J. S., & Whitaker, D. L. (1989). Issues in treating sex offenders in the community. Journal of Social Work and Human Sexuality, 7, 145-155.

Treatment Models

Agee, V. L. (1986). Institutional treatment programs for the violent juvenile. In S. J. Apter & A. P. Goldstein (Eds.), Youth violence programprospects (pp. 75-88). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Alderman, M. (2001). Juvenile sex offender treatment program provides residential aftercare services., On Good Authority (Vol. 4, pp. 1-4). Chicago, IL: Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority.

Barbaree, H. E., & Cortoni, R. R. (1993). Treatment of the juvenile sex offender within the criminal justice and mental health systems. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 243-263). New York: The Guilford Press.

Barker, M. (1994). What do we know about the effectiveness of treatment for sex offenders? Prison Service Journal, 94, 26-30.

Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1988). The assessment of adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Behavioral Assessment of Children and Families, 4, 97-118.

Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of the juvenile sex offender. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 264-277). New York: The Guilford Press.

Becker, J. V., & Kavoussi, R. J. (1989). Diagnosis and treatment of juvenile sex offenders. In R. Rosner & H. I. Schwartz (Eds.), Juvenile Psychiatry and The Law (pp. 133-143).

Becker, J. V., Harris, C. D., & Sales, B. D. (1993). Juveniles who commit sexual offenses: A critical review of research. In G. C. Nagayama-Hall, R. Hirschman, J. R. Graham & M. S. Zaragoza (Eds.), Sexual aggression: Issues in etiology, assessment, and treatment (pp. 215-228). Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis.

Bengis, S. (1997). Comprehensive service delivery with a continuum of care. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 211-218). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Berliner, L. (1998). Juvenile sex offenders: Should they be treated differently? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(5), 645-646.

Bohn, S. E. (1993). New techniques and technologies bring basic theories up to date. Corrections Today, 55(7), 8-10.

Cellini, H. R.(1995). Assessment and treatment of the adolescent sexual offender.In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.),The sex offender: Corrections, treatment and legal practice.6-1 - 6-11. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Charles, G., & McDonald, M. (1997). Adolescent sexual offenders. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11(1), 15-25.

Connolly, M., & Wolf, S. C. (1995). Services for juvenile sex offenders: Issues in establishing programs. Australian Social Work, 48(3), 3-10.

Coston, L., & Lakey, J. F. (1999). Creative therapy with intellectually disabled male adolescent sex offenders. In B. K. Schwartz (Ed.), The sex offender: Theoretical advances, treating special populations, and legal developments (Vol. III, pp. 20-01 to 20-07). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

Czech, N. J. (1988). Family therapy with adolescent sex offenders. In J. K. Zeig & S. R. Lankton (Eds.), Developing Ericksonian Therapy (pp. 452-461). New York: Brunner Mazel.

Debelle, G. D., Ward, M. R., Burnham, J. B., Jamieson, R., & Ginty, M. (1993). Evaluation of intervention programmes for juvenile sex offenders: questions and dilemmas. Child Abuse Review, 2, 75-87.

DiGiorgio-Miller, J. (1994). Clinical techniques in the treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Young Victims, Young Offenders, 21(1/2), 117-126.

Duehn, W. D. (1994). Cognitive-behavioral approaches in the treatment of the child sex offender. In D. K. Granvold (Ed.), Cognitive and behavioral treatment: Methods and applications (pp. 125-134). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Epps, K. J. (1994). Treating adolescent sex offenders in secure conditions: The experience at Glenthorne Centre. Journal of Adolescence, 17, 105-122.

Fillmore, A. (1987). Treatment of the juvenile sex offender. Health Visitor, 60(3), 97-98.

Flanagan, K., & Hayman-White, K. (2000). Australian adolescent sex offender treatment program: Program and client description. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 5(1), 59-77.

Fletcher, R. (1999). Early intervention for sexual behaviour problems among young offenders. Forum on Corrections Research, 11(2), 30-33.

Freeman-Longo, R. E., Bird, S., Stevenson, W. F., & Fiske, J. A. (1995). 1994 nationwide survey of treatment programs & models serving abuse-reactive children and adolescent & adult sex offenders. Brandon, VT: Safer Society Program.

Galli, V. B., Raute, N. J., McConville, B. J., & McElroy, S. L. (1998). An adolescent male with multiple paraphilias successfully treated with Fluoxetine. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 8(3), 195-197.

Gilbert-Evans, C. M., & Redditt, C. A. (1994). Adolescent sexual offenders: Potential for a healthier lifestyle. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 15(5), 505-518.

Gray, A. S., & Pithers, W. D. (1993). Relapse prevention with sexually aggressive adolescents and children: Expanding treatment and supervision. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 289-319). New York: The Guilford Press.

Heinz, J., Ryan, G., & Bengis, S. (1991). The system's response to juvenile sex offenders. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 185-198). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Henderson, J. E., English, D. J., & MacKenzie, W. R. (1988). Family centered casework practice with sexually aggressive children [Special issue: Treatment of sex offenders in social work and mental health settings]. Journal of Social Work and Human Sexuality, 7, 89-108.

Hunter, J. A. (1999). Adolescent sex offenders. In V. B. V. Hasselt & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of psychological approaches with violent offenders: Contemporary strategies and issues. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Hunter, J. A., & Santos, D. R. (1991). The use of specialized cognitive-behavioral therapies in the treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 34(3), 239-247.

Jolliff, D., Newbauer, J., & Blanks, B. (1999). Treating Adolescent Sex Offenders. In A. M. Horne & M. S. Kiselica (Eds.), Handbook of counseling boys and adolescent males: A practitioner's guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Kennedy, W. A., & Hume, M. P. (1998). Juvenile sex offender program reduces recidivism. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter., 14(1), 1-4.

Knopp, F. H. (1982). Remedial intervention in adolescent sex offenses: Nine program descriptions. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Knopp, F. H., & Freeman-Longo, R. (1997). Program development. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 183-200). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Knopp, F. H., & Lane, S. L. (1991). Program development. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 21-37). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Knopp, F. H., & Stevenson, W. F. (1991). 1990 nationwide survey of juvenile & adult sex-offender treatment programs. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Knopp, F. H., Freeman-Longo, R., & Stevenson, W. F. (1993). 1992 nationwide survey of juvenile and adult sex offender treatment programs and models. Brandon, VT: Safer Society Press.

Lambie, I., Hickling, L., Seymour, F., Simmonds, L., Robson, M., & Houlahan, C. (2000). Using wilderness therapy in treating adolescent sexual offenders. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 5(2), 99-117.

Langstrom, N., & Lindblad, F. (1999). Societal reactions to sexually abusive adolescents:A Swedish perspective. International Journal of Social Welfare, 8(3), 175-180.

Lee, D. G., & Olender, M. B. (1992). Working with juvenile sex offenders in foster care. Community Alternatives: International Journal of Family Care, 4(2), 63-75.

Lombardo, R., & DiGiorgio-Miller, J. (1988). Concepts and techniques in working with juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services, & Rehabilitation, 13(1), 39-53.

Mamabolo, L. M. (1996). Group treatment program for sexually and physically assaultive young offenders in a secure custody facility. Canadian Psychology, 37(3), 154-160.

Margolin, L. (1983). A treatment model for the adolescent sex offender. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services, & Rehabilitation, 8(1/2), 1-12.

Marquoit, J., & Dobbins, M. (1998). Strength-based treatment for juvenile sexual offenders. Reclaiming Children and Youth: Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Problems, 7(1), 40-43.

Marsh, L. F., Connell, P., & Olson, E. (1988). Breaking the cycle: Adolescent sexual treatment manual. Beaverton, OR: St. Mary's Home for Boys.

Marshall, W. L., & Eccles, A. (1993). Pavolvian conditioning processes in adolescent sex offenders. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 118-142). New York: The Guilford Press.

Martin, S. (1997). Sex offender treatment:An uphill journey. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11(1), 27-42.

Mathews, F. (1997). The adolescent sex offender field in Canada:Old problems, current issues, and emerging controversies. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11(1), 55-62.

Mazur, T., & Michael, P. M. (1992). Outpatient treatment for adolescents with sexually inappropriate behavior. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 18(3/4), 191-203.

McConaghy, N. (1990). Assessment and treatment of sex offenders: The Prince of Whales Programme. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 24(2), 175-181.

Metzner, J. L. (1987). The adolescent sex offender:An overview. Colorado Lawyer, 16(10), 1844-1849.

Metzner, J. L., & Ryan, G. D. (1995). Sexual abuse perpetration. In G. P. Sholevar (Ed.), Conduct disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 119-144). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Millard, D., & Hagan, M. (1996). Ethan Allen School rehabilitates juvenile sex offenders. Corrections Today, 58(5), 92-95.

Milloy, C. D. (1998). Specialized treatment for juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(5), 653-657.

Miner, M. H., & Crimmins, C. L. S. (1997). Adolescent sex offenders - Issues of etiology and risk factors. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: New insights, treatment innovations, and legal developments (Vol. II, pp. 09-01 - 09-15). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

O’Brien, M. (1982). Adolescent sexual offenders: A community faces reality [Special issue: Sexually exploited children]. Change, A Juvenile Justice Quarterly (5), 16-18.

Perry, G., & Ohm, P. (1999). The role healthy sexuality plays in modifying abusive behaviours of adolescent sex offenders: Practical considerations for professionals. Canadian Journal of Counseling, 32(2), 157-169.

Rasmussen, L. (1999). Trauma outcome process: An integrated model for guiding clinical practice with children with sexually abusive behavior problems. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 8(4), 3-33.

Reiter, M. J., & Grinde, D. (1995). The Minnesota Correctional Facility Sauk Centre Juvenile Sex Offender Program (Investigative Report 95-1). MN: Ombudsman for Corrections.

Residential program effective for young sex offenders. (1992). The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 8(7), 4.

Roberts, R. E., Abrams, L., & Finch, J. R. (1973). "Delinquent" sexual behavior among adolescents. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 7(1), 162-183.

Ryan, G. (1991). Theories of etiology. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 41-55). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). The evolving response to juvenile sexual offenses. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 179-181). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1997). Theories of etiology. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 19-35). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1998). What is so special about specialized treatment? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(5), 647-653.

Ryan, G. (2001). Perpetration prevention: The forgotten frontier in sexuality education and research. SIECUS Report, 29(1), 28-34.

Sanders, G. L. (1997). Recovering from paraphilia:An adolescent's journey from despair to hope. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11(1), 43-54.

Sapp, A. D., & Vaughn, M. S. (1990). Juvenile sex offender treatment at state-operated correctional institutions. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 34, 131-146.

Sciarra, D. T. (1999). Assessment and treatment of adolescent sex offenders: A review from a cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 28(3/4), 103-118.

Sermabeikian, P., & Martinez, D. (1994). Treatment of adolescent sexual offenders: Theory-based practice. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18(11), 969-976.

Smets, A. C., & Cebula, C. M. (1987). A group treatment program for adolescent sex offenders:Five steps toward resolution. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11(2), 247-254.

Smith, C. J., Hayler, B., Padalino, N., & Craig, K. S. (1998). An interim report on the evaluation of the Illinois Department of Corrections' Juvenile Division special supervision units program: sex offender treatment unit. Chicago, IL: Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority.

Steen, S. (2001). Contested portrayals: Medical and legal social control of juvenile sex offenders. The Sociological Quarterly, 42(3), 325-350.

Stenson, P., & Anderson, C. (1987). Treating juvenile sex offenders and preventing the cycle of abuse. Journal of Child Care, 3(2), 91-102.

Stops, M., & Mays, G. L. (1991). Treating adolescent sex offenders in a multi-cultural community setting. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 17(1/2), 87-103.

Taylor, T. W. (1994). A nationwide survey of treatment programs for juvenile sex offenders. Unpublished master’s thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia.

Weiks, J. C., & Lehker, D. (1988). Specialized treatment of adolescent sex offenders in a juvenile court setting. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 39(1), 29-35.

Wright, T. M. (1998). Adolescent sex offender treatment: Programs in the era of managed care.Unpublished doctoral project, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN.

Yokley, J. (1999). Using therapeutic community learning experiences with youth sex offenders. In B. K. Schwartz (Ed.), The sex offender: Theoretical advances, treating special populations, and legal developments (Vol. III, pp. 19-01 - 19-19). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

Treatment: Issues of Concern to Individuals Working With Juvenile Sex Offenders

Arp, P. O. (1997). A national survey of NAPN treaters of adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26(1/2), 109-124.

Carone, S. S., & LaFleur, N. K. (2000). The effect of adolescent sex offender abuse history on counselor attitudes. Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling, 20(2), 56-63.

Denov, M. S. (2001). A culture of denial:Exploring professional perspectives on female sex offending. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 3(43), 303-329.

Etgar, T. (1996). Parallel processes in a training and supervision group for counselors working with adolescent sex offenders. Social Work with Groups, 19(3/4), 57-69.

Goocher, B. E. (1994). Some comments on the residential treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Child & Youth Care Forum, 23(4), 243-250.

Griffin, S., Williams, M., Hawkes, C., & Vizard, E. (1997). The Professional Carers' Group:Supporting group work for young sexual abusers. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21(7), 681-690.

Hunter, J. A., & Lexier, L. J. (1998). Ethical and legal issues in the assessment and treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Child Maltreatment, 3(4), 339-348.

Ladwa-Thomas, U., & Sanders, R. (1999). Juvenile sex abusers: Perceptions of social work practicioners. Child Abuse Review, 8(1), 55-62.

Lakey, J. F. (March, 1999). Adolescent male sex offenders challenge therapists’ skill. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 3(15), 1.

Mintzer, M. B. (1996). Understanding countertransference reactions in working with adolescent perpetrators of sexual abuse. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 60(2), 219-228.

Muster, N. J. (1992). Treating the adolescent victim-turned-offender. Adolescence, 27(106), 441-450.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (1991). The impact of sexual abuse on the interventionist. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 411-437). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (1997). The impact of sexual abuse on the interventionist. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 457-474). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Sanders, R. M., & Ladwa-Thomas, U. (1997). Interagency perspectives on child sexual abuse perpetrated by juveniles. Child Maltreatment, 2(3), 264-271.

Witt, P. H., & Frank, M. (1994). Managing therapist anxiety in the outpatient treatment of sex offenders. Psychotherapy and the Dangerous Patient, 9(1/2), 77-87.

Characteristics: Offender’s Own Abuse History

Becker, J. V. (1988). The effects of child sexual abuse on adolescent sexual offenders. In G. E. Wyatt & G. J. Powell (Eds.), Lasting effects of child sexual abuse (pp. 193-207). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Benoit, J. L., & Kennedy, W. A. (1992). The abuse history of male adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 7(4), 543-548.

Brannon, J. M., Larson, B., & Doggett, M. (1989). The extent and origins of sexual molestation and abuse among incarcerated adolescent males. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 3, 161-172.

Burgess, A. W., Hartman, C. R., & McCormack, A. (1987). Abused to abuser: Antecedents of socially deviant behaviors. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144(11), 1431-1436.

Burgess, A. W., Hartman, C. R., McCormack, A., & Grant, C. A. (1988). Child victim to juvenile victimizer: treatment implications. International Journal of Family Psychiatry,, 9(4), 403-416.

Cantwell, H. B. (1988). Child sexual abuse: very young perpetrators. Child Abuse & Neglect, 12, 579-582.

Cavanagh Johnson, T. (1988). Child perpetrators-children who molest other children: Preliminary findings. Child Abuse & Neglect, 12, 219-229.

DiCenso, C. B. (1992). The adolescent sexual offender: Victim and perpetrator. In E. C. Viano (Ed.), Critical Issues in Victimology: International Perspectives (pp. 190-200). New York: Springer.

Eisenman, R., & Kristsonis, W. (1995). How children learn to become sex offenders. Psychology - A Quarterly Journal of Human Behavior, 32(1), 25-29.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Tenke, C. E. (1991). Influence of abuse history on male adolescent self-reported comfort with interviewer gender. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6(1), 3-11.

Lindorfer, K., & Walsh, A. (1996). Self-victimization disclosures of juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Corrective and Social Psychiatry, 42(1), 8-11.

Skuse, D., Bentovim, A., Hodges, J., & Stevenson, J. (1998). Risk factors for development of sexually abusive behavior in sexually victimized adolescent boys: Cross sectional study. British Medical Journal, 317(7152), 175-179.

Worling, J. R. (1995). Sexual abuse histories of adolescent male sex offenders: Differences on the basis of the age and gender of their victims. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104(4), 610-613.

Zgourides, G., Monto, M., & Harris, R. (1994). Prevalence of prior adult sexual contact in a sample of adolescent male sex offenders. Psychological Reports, 75, 1042.

Characteristics: Sexualization

Baker, A. J. L., Tabacoff, R., Tornusciolo, G., & Eisenstadt, M. (2001). Calculating number of offenses and victims of juvenile sexual offending: The role of posttreatment disclosures. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment,, 13(2), 79-90.

Cortoni, F., & Marshall, W. L. (2001). Sex as a coping strategy and its relationship to juvenile sexual history and intimacy in sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 13(1), 27-43.

Does pornography influence sexual deviance in young males? (1991). The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 7(9), 4.

Kershner, R. (1996). Adolescent attitudes about rape. Adolescence, 31(121), 29-33.

Longo, R. E. (1982). Sexual learning and experience among adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 26, 235-241.

Malmquist, C. P. (September, 1985). Sexual offenses among adolescents. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 19, 134-139.

Ostrov, E., Offer, D., Howard, K. I., Kaufman, B., & Meyer, H. (1985). Adolescent sexual behavior. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 19, 28-36.

Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Becker, J. V., Koopman, C., & Kaplan, M. (1991). AIDS knowledge and beliefs, and sexual behavior of sexually delinquent and non-delinquent (runaway) adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 14, 229-244.

Ryan, G. (1991). Consequences for the juvenile sex offender. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 175-181). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). Consequences for the youth who has been abusive. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 168-175). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Veneziano, C., Veneziano, L., & LeGrand, S. (2000). The relationship between adolescent sex offender behaviors and victim characteristics with prior victimization. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15(4), 363-375.

Zgourides, G., Monto, M., & Harris, R. (1997). Correlates of adolescent male sexual offense:Prior adult sexual contact, sexual attitudes, and use of sexually explicit materials. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 41(3), 272-283.

Zolondek, S. C., Abel, G. G., Northey, W. F., & Jordan, A. D. (2001). The self-reported behaviors of juvenile sexual offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(1), 73-85.

Offender Characteristics: Incest

Arroyo, W., Spencer, E., & Pynoos, R. (1984). Sexual assault of a mother by her preadolescent son. American Journal of Psychiatry, 141(9), 1107-1108.

Ascherman, L. I., & Safier, E. J. (1990). Sibling incest:A consequence of individual and family dysfunction. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 54, 311-322.

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., Cunningham-Rathner, J., & Kavoussi, R. (1986). Characteristics of adolescent incest sexual perpetrators: Preliminary findings. Journal of Family Violence, 1(1), 85-97.

Finkelhor, D. H. (1980). Sex among siblings: A survey on prevalence, variety, and effects. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 9(3), 171-194.

Kaplan, M. S., & Becker, J. V. (1992). Adolescent perpetrators of incest. In R. T. Ammerman & M. Hersen (Eds.), Assessment of Family Violence (pp. 332-347). New York: Wiley.

O’Brien, M. J. (1989). Characteristics of male adolescent sibling incest offenders. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Pierce, L. H., & Pierce, R. L. (1987). Incestuous victimization by juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Family Violence, 2(4), 351-364.

Smith, H., & Israel, E. (1987). Sibling incest:A study of the dynamics of 25 cases. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11, 101-108.

Worling, J. R. (1995). Adolescent sibling-incest offenders: Differences in family and individual functioning when compared to adolescent nonsibling sex offenders. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19(5), 633-643.

Offender Characteristics: Family and Peers

Bischof, G. P. (1991). Adolescent male sexual offenders' perceptions of their family characteristics. Unpublished master’s thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg.

Bischof, G. P., Stith, S. M., & Whitney, M. L. (1995). Family environments of adolescent sex offenders and other juvenile delinquents. Adolescence, 30(117), 157-171.

Bischof, G. P., Stith, S. M., & Wilson, S. M. (1992). A comparison of the family systems of adolescent sexual offenders and nonsexual offending delinquents. Family Relations, 41, 318-323.

Blaske, D. M., Borduin, C. M., Henggeler, S. W., & Mann, B. J. (1989). Individual, family, and peer characteristics of adolescent sex offenders and assaultive offenders. Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 846-855.

Cocoran, C. L., Miranda, A. O., Tenukas-Steblea, K. W., & Taylor, B. D. (1999). Inclusion of the family in the treatment of juvenile sexual perpetrators. In B. K. Schwartz (Ed.), The sex offender: Theoretical advances, treating special populations, and legal developments (Vol. III, pp. 17-01 to 17-10). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

Ford, M. E., & Linney, J. A. (1995). Comparative analysis of juvenile sexual offenders, violent nonsexual offenders, and status offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(1), 56-70.

Graves, R. B., Openshaw, D. K., Ascione, F. R., & Ericksen, S. L. (1996). Demographic and parental characteristics of youthful sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 40(4), 300-317.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Martinez, D. F. (1990). A comparison of mothers of adolescent incest vs. non-incest perpetrators. Journal of Family Violence, 5(3), 209-214.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Cunningham-Rathner, J. (1988). Characteristics of parents of adolescent incest perpetrators:Preliminary findings. Journal of Family Violence, 3(3), 183-191.

Kobayashi, J., Sales, B. D., Becker, J. V., Figueredo, A. J., & Kaplan, M. S. (1995). Perceived parental deviance, parent-child bonding, child abuse, and child sexual aggression. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7(1), 25-44.

New, M. J. C., Stevenson, J., & Skuse, D. (1999). Characteristics of mothers of boys who sexually abuse. Child Maltreatment, 1(4), 21-31.

Ryan, G. (1991). The juvenile sex offender's family. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 143-160). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). The families of sexually abusive youth. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 136-154). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Sefarbi, R. (1990). Admitters and deniers among adolescent sex offenders and their families:A preliminary study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 60(3), 460-465.

Smith, S. M., & Bischof, G. H.(1996).Communication patterns in families of adolescent sex offenders.In D. D. Cahn, & S. A. Lloyd(Eds.),Family violence from a communication perspective, 108-126.

Characteristics: Modus Operandi

Hunter, J. A., Hazelwood, R. R., & Slesinger, D. (2000). Juvenile sexual homicide. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 69(3), 1-7.

Kaufman, K. L., Hilliker, D. R., & Daleiden, E. L. (1996). Subgroup differences in the modus operandi of adolescent sexual offenders. Child Maltreatment, 1(1), 17-24.

Kaufman, K. L., Hilliker, D. R., Lathrop, P., & Daleiden, E. L. (1993). Assessing child sexual offenders' modus operandi: Accuracy in self-reported use of threats and coercion. Annals of Sex Research, 6(3), 213-229.

Kaufman, K. L., Holmberg, J. K., McCrady, K. A., Fara, E., et al. (1998). Factors influencing sexual offenders' modus operandi: An examination of victim-offender relatedness and age. Child Maltreatment, 3(4), 349-361.

Kaufman, K. L., Wallace, A. M., Johnson, C. F., & Reeder, M. L. (1995). Comparing female and male perpetrators' modus operandi. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(3), 322-333.

Kourany, R. F. C., Martin, J. E., & Armstrong, S. H. (1979). Sexual experimentation by adolescents while babysitting. Adolescence, XIV(54), 283-288.

Vinogradov, S., Dishotsky, N. I., Doty, A. K., & Tinklenberg, J. R. (1988). Patterns of behavior in adolescent rape. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58(2), 179-187.

Offender Characteristics: Mental Health

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., Tenke, C. E., & Tartaglini, A. (1991). The incidence of depressive symptomatology in juvenile sex offenders with a history of abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 15(4), 531-536.

Carpenter, D. R., Peed, S. F., & Eastman, B. (1995). Personality characteristics of adolescent sexual offenders: A pilot study. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7(3), 195-203.

Chorn, R., & Parekh, A. (1997). Adolescent sexual offenders: A self-psychological perspective. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 51, 210-228.

Dalton, J. E. (1996). Juvenile male sex offenders:Mean scores on the BASC Self-Report of Personality. Psychological Reports, 79, 634.

Day, K. (1994). Male mentally handicapped sex offenders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 630-639.

Fago, D. P. (1999). Comorbidity of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder in sexually aggressive children and adolescents. In B. K. Schwartz (Ed.), The sex offender: Theoretical advances, treating special populations, and legal developments (Vol. III, pp. 16-01 - 16-07). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

France, K., & Hudson, S. M. (1993). The conduct disorders and the juvenile sex offender. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 225-234). New York: Guilford Press.

Gilby, R., Wolf, L., & Goldberg, B. (1989). Mentally retarded adolescent sex offenders.A survey and pilot study. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 34(6), 542-548.

Ho, T. (1997). Mentally retarded sex offenders. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 13(3), 251-263.

Kavoussi, R. J., Kaplan, M., & Becker, J. V. (1988). Psychiatric diagnoses in adolescent sex offenders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27(2), 241-243.

Lakey, J. F. (March, 1999). Adolescent male sex offenders challenge therapists’ skill. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 3(15), 1.

Langevin, R., & Pope, S. (1993). Working with learning disabled sex offenders. Annals of Sex Research, 6(2), 149-160.

Langstrom, N., & Grann, M. (1999). The medico-legal status of young sex offenders: Forensic psychiatric evaluations in Sweden 1988-1995. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 17(2), 219-225.

Miccio-Fonseca, L. C. (1996). Comparative differences in the psychological histories of sex offenders, victims, and their families. Sex Offender Treatment, 23(3/4), 71-83.

Myers, W. C., & Monaco, L. (2000). Anger experience, styles of anger expression, sadistic personality disorder, and psychopathy in juvenile sexual homicide offenders. Journal of Forensic Science, 45(3), 698-701.

Smith, W. R., Monastersky, C., & Deisher, R. M. (1987). MMPI-based personality types among juvenile sexual offenders. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43(4), 422-430.

Stermac, L., & Sheridan, P. (1993). The developmentally disabled adolescent sex offender. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 235-242). New York: The Guilford Press.

Offender Characteristics: Recidivism

Borduin, C. M., Henggeler, S. W., Blaske, D. M., & Stein, R. J. (1990). Multisystemic treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 34(2), 105-113.

Brannon, J. M., & Troyer, R. (1995). Adolescent sex offenders: investigating adult commitment rates' four years later. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 39(4), 317-326.

Bremer, J. F. (1992). Serious juvenile sex offenders:Treatment and long-term follow-up. Psychiatric Annals, 22(6), 326-332.

Hagan, M. P., & Cho, M. E. (1996). A comparison of treatment outcomes between adolescent rapists and child sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 40(2), 113-122.

Hagan, M. P., King, R. P., & Patros, R. L. (1994). The efficacy of a serious sex offender treatment program for adolescent rapists. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 38(2), 141-150.

Hagan, M. P., King, R. P., & Patros, R. L. (1994). Recidivism among adolescent perpetrators of sexual assault against children. Young Victims, Young Offenders, 21(1-2), 127-137.

Kahn, T. J., & Chambers, H. J. (1991). Assessing reoffense risk with juvenile sexual offenders. Child Welfare, LXX(3), 333-345.

Lab, S. P., Shields, G., & Schondel, C. (1993). Research note: An evaluation of juvenile sexual offender treatment. Crime & Delinquency, 39(4), 543-553.

Langstrom, N., & Grann, M. (2000). Risk for criminal recidivism among young sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15(8), 855-871.

McConaghy, N., Blaszczynski, A., Armstrong, M. S., & Kidson, W. (1989). Resistance to treatment of adolescent sex offenders. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 18(2), 97-107.

Mrazek, D. A. (1983). Long-term follow-up of an adolescent perpetrator of sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 7(2), 239-240.

Nagayama Hall, G. C. (1995). Sexual offender recidivism revisited: A meta-analysis of recent treatment studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63(5), 802-809.

Rasmussen, L. A. (1995). Factors related to recidivism among juvenile sex offenders., UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, MI.

Rasmussen, L. A. (1999). Factors related to recidivism among juvenile sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11(1), 69-85.

Rubinstein, M., Yeager, C. A., Goodstein, C., & Lewis, D. O. (1993). Sexually assaultive male juveniles:A follow-up. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(2), 262-265.

Ruddijs, F., & Timmerman, H. (2000). The stitching ambulante preventie projecten method: A comparative study of recidivism in first offenders in a Dutch outpatient setting. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 44(6), 725-739.

Schmidt, R., & Heinz, L. (1999). Treatment success of a community-based program for young adolescent sex offenders. In B. K. Schwartz (Ed.), The sex offender: Theoretical advances, treating special populations, and legal developments (Vol. III, pp. 18-01 - 18-09). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

Schram, D. D., Darling Milloy, C., & Rowe, W. E. (1991). Juvenile sex offenders: A follow-up study of reoffense behavior. Olympia, WA: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.

Shaw, T. A., Herkov, M. J., & Greer, R. A. (1995). Examination of treatment completion and predicted outcome among incarcerated sex offenders. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 23(1), 35-41.

Shields, G., Schondel, C., & Lab, S. (1993). Treating the juvenile sex offender: Specialized court intervention vs. utilization of community resources. Journal of Law and Social Work, 4(2), 8-16.

Sipe, R., Jensen, E. L., & Everett, R. S. (1998). Adolescent sexual offenders grown up:Recidivism in young adulthood. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 25(1), 109-125.

Worling, J. R., & Curwen, T. (2000). Adolescent sexual offender recidivism: Success of specialized treatment and implications for risk prediction. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24(7), 965-982.

Offender Characteristics: Comparative Studies

Allard-Dansereau, C., Haley, N., Hamane, M., & Bernard-Bonnin, A. C. (1997). Pattern of child sexual abuse by young aggressors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21(10), 965-974.

Allen, C. M., & Pothast, H. L. (1994). Distinguishing characteristics of male and female child sex abusers. Young Victims, Young Offenders, 73-88.

Awad, G. A., Saunders, E., & Levene, J. (1984). A clinical study of male adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 20, 105-116.

Burke, D. M. (2001). Empathy in sexually offending and nonoffending adolescent males. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(3), 222-233.

Burton, D. L. (1999). Examination of social cognitive theory with differences among sexually aggressive, physically aggressive and nonaggressive children in state care. Violence and Victims, 14(2), 161-178.

Butler, S. M., & Seto, M. C. (2002). Distinguishing two types of adolescent sex offenders. Journal American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(1), 83-90.

Caputo, A. A., Frick, P. J., & Brodsky, S. L. (1999). Family violence and juvenile sex offending: The potential mediating role of psychopathic traits and negative attitudes toward women. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 26(3), 338-356.

Cooper, C. L., Murphy, W. D., & Haynes, M. A. (1996). Characteristics of abused and nonabused adolescent sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 8(2), 105-119.

Daleiden, E. L., Kaufman, K. L., Hilliker, D. R., & O'Neil, J. N. (1998). The sexual histories and fantasies of youthful males: A comparison of sexual offending, nonsexual offending and nonoffending groups. Journal of Sexual Abuse, 10(3).

Epps, K. J., Haworth, R., & Swaffer, T. (1993). Attitudes toward women and rape among male adolescents convicted of sexual versus nonsexual crimes. Journal of Psychology, 127(5), 501-507.

Fagan, J., & Wexler, S. (1988). Explanations of sexual assault among violent delinquents [Special issue: Adolescent sexual behavior]. Journal of Adolescent Research, 3, 363-385.

Fleming, W. M., Jory, B., & Burton, D. L. (2002). Characteristics of juvenile offenders admitting to sexual activity with nonhuman animals. Society and Animals, 10(1), 31-45.

Friedrich, W. N., & Luecke, W. J. (1988). Young school-age sexually aggressive children. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 19(2), 155-164.

Gregory, K. D. (1998). Treatment impact on recidivism: A comparison of juvenile sex offenders and juvenile violent offenders. Unpublished master’s thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia.

Grier, P. E., Clark, M., & Stoner, S. B. (1993). Comparative study of personality traits of female sex offenders. Psychological Reports, 73(3), 1378.

Gudjonsson, G., & Sigurdsson, J. F. (2000). Differences and similarities between violent offenders and sex offenders. Child Abuse and Neglect, 24(3), 363-372.

Hagan, M. P., Gust-Brey, K. L., Cho, M. E., & Dow, E. (2001). Eight-year comparative analyses of adolescent rapists, adolescent child molesters, other adolescent delinquents, and the general population. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 45(3), 314-324.

Hastings, T., Anderson, S. J., & Hemphill, P. (1997). Comparisons of daily stress, coping, problem behavior, and cognitive distortions in adolescent sexual offenders and conduct-disordered youth. Sexual Abuse:A Journal of Research and Treatment, 9(1), 29-42.

Herkov, M. J., Gynther, M. D., Thomas, S., & Myers, W. C. (1996). MMPI differences among adolescent inpatients, rapists, sodomists, and sexual abusers. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1), 81-90.

Hummel, P., Thomke, V., Oldenburger, H. A., & Specht, F. (2000). Male adolescent sex offenders against children: Similarities and differences between those offenders with and those without a history of sexual abuse. Journal of Adolescence, 23(3), 305-317.

Hunter, J. A., & Figueredo, A. J. (2000). The influence of personality and history of sexual victimization in the prediction of juvenile perpetrated child molestation. Behavior Modification, 24(2), 241-263.

Jacobs, W. L., Kennedy, W. A., & Meyer, J. B. (1997). Juvenile delinquents: a between-group comparison study of sexual and nonsexual offenders. Sexual Abuse:A Journal of Research and Treatment, 9(3), 201-217.

Johnson-Reid, M., & Way, I. (2001). Adolescent sexual offenders: Incidence of childhood maltreatment, serious emotional disturbance, and prior offenses. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 71(1), 120-130.

Juvenile sex offenders at risk for continued violence as adults. (March, 1993). The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 9(3), 4.

Katz, R. C. (1990). Psychosocial adjustment in adolescent child molesters. Child Abuse & Neglect, 14, 567-575.

Kempton, T., & Forehand, R. (1992). Juvenile sex offenders:Similar to, or different from, other incarcerated delinquent offenders? Behavior Research and Therapy, 30(5), 533-536.

Krupica, K. A. (1997). A comparison between juvenile sex offenders and juvenile non-sex offenders on levels of dissociation. Unpublished master’s thesis, Roosevelt University, Chicago.

Lewis, D. O., Shankok, S. S., & Pincus, J. H.(1979).Juvneile male sexual assaulters.American Journal of Psychiatry, 136(9), 1194-1196

Lindsey, R. E., Carlozzi, A. F., & Eells, G. T. (2001). Differences in the dispositional empathy of juvenile sex offenders, non-sex-offending delinquent juveniles, and nondelinquent juveniles. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6(16), 510-522.

McCraw, R. K., & Pegg-McNab, J. (1989). Rorschach comparisons of male juvenile sex offenders and nonsex offenders. Journal of Personality Assessment, 53(3), 546-553.

Milloy, C. (1994). A comparative study of juvenile sex offenders and non-sex offenders. Olympia, WA: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.

Moody, E. E., Brissie, J., & Kim, J. (1994). Personality and background characteristics of adolescent sexual offenders. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 14, 38-48.

Nanjundappa, G., deRios, M., Mio, J. S., & Verleur, D. E. (1987). Profiles of juvenile male incest perpetrators: Preliminary treatment implications. Journal of Offender Counseling, 8, 25-31.

Oliver, L. L., Nagayamahall Hall, G. C., & Neuhaus, S. M. (1993). A comparison of the personality and background characteristics of adolescent sex offenders and other adolescent offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 20(4), 359-370.

Otnow, L. D., Shankok, S. S., & Pincus, J. H. (1979). Juvenile male sexual assaulters. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136(9), 1194-1196.

Porter, S. (1990). Adolescent sex offenders:A study of the relationship between self-concept and sexual behavior in adolescent males. American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 8(3), 61-73.

Ray, J. A., & English, D. L. (1995). Comparison of female and male children with sexual behavior problems. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 24(4), 439-451.

Richardson, G., Kelly, T. P., Bhate, S. R., & Graham, F. (1997). Group differences in abuser and abuse characteristics in a British sample of sexually abusive adolescents. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 9(3), 239 - 257.

Risk, S. R. (1993). Assessment of Social Functioning Among Juvenile Sexual Offenders,Juvenile Delinquents, and Non-Delinquent Adolescents., Roosevelt University, Chicago.

Saunders, E., Awad, G. A., & White, G. (1986). Male adolescent sexual offenders: The offender and the offense. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 31(6), 542-549.

Shaw, J. A., Campo-Bowen, A. E., Applegate, B., Perez, D., Antoine, L. B., Hart, E. L., Lahey, B. B. & Testa, R. J. (1993). Young boys who commit serious sexual offenses: Demographics, psychometrics, and phenomenology. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 21(4), 399-408.

Spaccarelli, S., Bowden, B., Coatsworth, J. D., & Kim, S. (1997). Psychosocial correlates of male sexual aggression in a chronic delinquent sample. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 24(1), 71-95.

Tarter, R. E., Hegedus, A. M., Alterman, A. J., & Katz-Garris, L. (1983). Cognitive capacities of juvenile violent, nonviolent, and sexual offenders. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 171(9), 564-567.

Tingle, D., Barnard, G. W., Robbins, L., Newman, G., & Hutchinson, D. (1986). Childhood and adolescent characteristics of pedophiles and rapists. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 9, 103-116.

Truscott, D. (1993). Adolescent offenders:Comparison for sexual, violent, and property offences. Psychological Reports, 73, 657-658.

Valliant, P. M., & Bergeron, T. (1997). Personality and criminal profile of adolescent sexual offenders, general offenders in comparison to nonoffenders. Psychological Reports, 81, 483-489.

Van Ness, S. R. (1984). Rape as instrumental violence:A study of youth offenders. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services, and Rehabilitation, 9, 161-170.

Whiskin, F. E. (1972). Therapy with adolescent sex offenders. Internation Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 16(2), 116-120.

Worling, J. R. (1995). Adolescent sex offenders against females: Differences based on the age of their victims. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 39(3), 276-292.

Characteristics: Retrospective

Abel, G. G., Osborn, C. A., & Twigg, D. A. (1993). Sexual assault through the life span: Adult offenders with juvenile histories. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 104-117). New York: The Guilford Press.

Fromuth, M. E., Burkhart, B. R., & Jones, C. W. (1991). Hidden child molestation: An investigation of adolescent perpetrators in a nonclinical sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6(3), 376 - 384.

Hunter, J. A., & Figueredo, A. J. (1999). Factors associated with treatment compliance in a population of juvenile sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11(1), 46-67.

Longo, R. E., & Groth, A. N. (1983). Juvenile sexual offenses in the histories of adult rapists and child molesters. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 27(2), 150-155.

Longo, R., & McFadin, B. (1981). Sexually inappropriate behavior. Law and Order, 29, 21-23.

Prentky, R. A., Knight, R. A., Sims-Knight, J. E., Straus, H., Rokous, F., & Cerce, D. (1989). Developmental antecedents of sexual aggression. Development & Psychopathology, 1, 153-169.

Ryan, G. (1998). The relevance of early life experience to the behaviour of sexually abusive youth. Irish Journal of Psychology, 19(1), 32-48.

Offender Characteristics: Combination of Characteristics

Atcheson, J. D., & Williams, D. C. (1954). A study of juvenile sex offenders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 366-370.

Awad, G. A., & Saunders, E. B. (1989). Adolescent child molesters: Clinical observations. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 19(3), 195-206.

Awad, G. A., & Saunders, E. B. (1991). Male adolescent sexual assaulters. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6(4), 446-460.

Becker, J. V., Cunningham-Rathner, J., & Kaplan, M. S. (1986). Adolescent Sexual Offenders: Demographics, criminal and sexual histories, and recommendations for reducing future offenses. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1(4), 431-451.

Boyd, N. J., Hagan, M., & Cho, M. E. (1999). Characteristics of adolescent sex offenders: A review of the research. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 5(2), 137-146.

Burton, D. L., Nesmith, A. A., & Badten, L. (1997). Clinician's views on sexually aggressive children and their families: A theoretical exploration. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21(2), 157-170.

Campbell, J. S., & Lerew, C. (2002). Juvenile sex offenders in diversion. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 14(1), 1-17.

Duffield, G., Hassiotis, A., & Vizard, E. (1998). Zoophilia in young sexual abusers. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 9(2), 294-302.

Fagan, J., & Wexler, S. (1988). Explanations of sexual assault among violent delinquents [Special issue: Adolescent sexual behavior]. Journal of Adolescent Research, 3, 363-385.

Fehrenbach, P. A., Smith, W., Monastersky, C., & Deisher, R. W. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders:Offender and offense characteristics. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 56(2), 225 - 233.

Figueredo, A. J., Sales, B. D., Russell, K. P., Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. (2000). A Brunswikian evolutionary-developmental theory of adolescent sex offending. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 18(2-3), 309-329.

Gal, M., & Hoge, R. D. (1999). Profile of the adolescent sex offender. Forum on Corrections Research, 11(2), 7-11.

Graves, R. B. (1993). Conceptualizing the Youthful Male Sex Offender: A Meta-Analytic Examination of Offender Characteristics by Offense Type. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Utah State University: Logan.

Groth, A. N. (1977). The adolescent sexual offender and his prey. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 21, 249-254.

Hagan, M. P., & Gust-Brey, K. L. (1999). A ten-year longitudinal study of adolescent rapists upon return to the community. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 43(4), 448-459.

Hsu, L. K. G., & Starzynski, J. (1990). Adolescent rapists and adolescent child sexual assaulters. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 34(1), 23-30.

Hunter, J. A., Hazelwood, R. R., & Slesinger, D. (2000). Juvenile-perpetrated sex crimes: Patterns of offending and predictors of violence. Journal of Family Violence, 15(1), 81-93.

Hunter, J. A., Hazelwood, R. R., & Slesinger, D. (2000). Juvenile sexual homicide. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 69(3), 1-7.

Jenkins, S. (1999). An argument for early and appropriate intervention with juvenile sexual offenders. Psychiatry Psychology and Law, 6(1), 79-91.

Kraemer, B. D., Salisbury, S. B., & Spielman, C. R. (1998). Pretreatment variables associated with treatment failure in a residential juvenile sex-offender program. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 25(2), 190-203.

Langstrom, N., & Grann, M. (2000). Risk for criminal recidivism among young sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15(8), 855-871.

Langstrom, N., Grann, M., & Lindbland, F. (2000). A preliminary typology of young sex offenders. Journal of Adolescence, 23(3), 319-329.

Langstrom, N., & Lindblad, F. (2000). Young sex offenders:Background, personality, and crime characteristics in a Swedish forensic psychiatric sample. Nord Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 113-120.

Lightfoot, L. O., & Barbaree, H. E. (1993). The relationship between substance use and abuse and sexual offending behavior in adolescents. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 203-224). New York: The Guilford Press.

Manocha, K. F., & Mezey, G. (1998). British adolescents who sexually abuse: A descriptive study. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 9(3), 588-608.

Messerschmidt, J. W. (2000). Becoming "Real Men": Adolescent masculinity challenges sexual violence. Men and Masculinities, 2(3), 286-307.

Mio, J. S., Nanjundappa, G., Verleur, D. E., & De Rios, M. D. (1986). Drug abuse and the adolescent sex offender:A preliminary analysis. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 18(1), 65-72.

Nanjundappa, G., deRios, M., Mio, J. S., & Verleur, D. E. (1987). Profiles of juvenile male incest perpetrators: Preliminary treatment implications. Journal of Offender Counseling, 8, 25-31.

O’Brien, M. (1982). Adolescent sexual offenders: A community faces reality [Special issue: Sexually exploited children]. Change, A Juvenile Justice Quarterly (5), 16-18.

O’Brien, M., & Bera, W. W. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders: A descriptive typology. Preventing sexual abuse: A newsletter of the National Family Life Education Network, 1(3), 1-4.

Rantakallio, P., Myhrman, A., & Koiranen, M. (1995). Juvenile offenders, with special reference to sex differences. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 30, 113-120.

Richardson, G., Graham, F., & Bhate, S. R. (1995). A British sample of sexually abusive adolescents:Abuser and abuse characteristics. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 5, 187-208.

Ryan, G. (1991). Juvenile sex offenders: Defining the population. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 3-7). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., Miyoshi, T. J., Metzner, J. L., Krugman, R. D., & Fryer, G. E. (1996). Trends in a national sample of sexually abusive youths. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(1), 17-25.

Saunders, E. B., & Awad, G. A. (1991). Male adolescent sexual offenders: Exhibitionism and obscene phone calls. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 21(3), 169-178.

Simourd, D. J., Hoge, R. D., Andrews, D. A., & Leschied, A. W. (1994). An empirically-based typology of male young offenders. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 36(4), 447-461.

White, J. W., & Koss, M. P. (1993). Adolescent sexual aggression within heterosexual relationships: prevalence, characteristics, and causes. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 182-202). New York: The Guilford Press.

Wieckowski, E., Hartsoe, P., Mayer, A., & Shortz, J. (1998). Deviant sexual behavior in children and young adolescents: Frequency and patterns. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 10(4), 293-303.

Wilson, P., & Shine, J. (1990). Characteristics and potential treatment needs of sexual offenders. In M. McMurran (Ed.), Applying psychology to imprisonment: Young offenders. Issues in Criminological and Legal Psychology (Vol. 15). Leicester,England: The British Psychological Society.

Worling, J. (2001). Personality-based typology of adolescent male sexual offenders: Differences in recidivism rates, victim-selection characteristics, and personal victimization histories. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 13(3), 149-166.

Zolondek, S. C., Abel, G. G., Northey, W. F., & Jordan, A. D. (2001). The self-reported behaviors of juvenile sexual offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(1), 73-85.

Legal Issues

Akin, D. F. (1990). Sex offenders and the failure to cure them. Journal of Juvenile Law, 11(1), 65-69.

Andres, P. L. (1995). Sticking it to the fourth amendment:The failure of Missouri's mandatory HIV testing law for juvenile sex offenders. UMKC Law Review, 63(3), 455-474.

Bala, N., & Schwartz, I. (1993). Legal responses to the juvenile sex offender. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 25 - 43). New York: The Guilford Press.

Heinz, J., & Ryan, G. (1997). The legal system's response to juvenile sexual offenders. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 201-210). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Hiller, S. (1998). Note: The problem with juvenile sex offender registration: The detrimental effects of public disclosure. Boston Public Interest Law Journal, 7, 271.

Horne, L., Glasgow, D., Cox, A., & Calam, R. (1991). Sexual abuse of children by children. The Journal of Child Law, September - December, 147-152.

Hunter, J. A., & Lexier, L. J. (1998). Ethical and legal issues in the assessment and treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Child Maltreatment, 3(4), 339-348.

Lieb, R. (1996). Community notification laws: A stop toward more effective solutions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 11(2), 298-300.

Lowe, R. J. (1997). Chalk talk: School notification of students' sexual offense convictions: Does it protect our children or impede quality education? Journal of Law & Education, 26, 169.

Martin, E. F., & Pruett, M. K. (1998). The juvenile sex offender and the juvenile justice system. American Criminal Law Review, 35(2), 279-332.

Murray, C., & Hallett, C. (2000). Young people who sexually abuse: The Scottish context. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 22(3), 245-260.

O'Neal, W. (1997). Effects of race on court case processing of juvenile sex offenders. Unpublished master's thesis. University of South Florida, Tampa.

Prentky, R. A. (1996). Community notification and constructive risk reduction. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 11(2), 294-298.

Quinn, K. M. (1992). Juvenile Sex Offenders. In M. G. Kalogerakis (Ed.), Handbook of psychiatric practice in the juvenile court (pp. 105-109). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Rodier, D. N. (June 29, 1998). State court rulings: Evidence of child victim's own sex offenses admitted. Pennsylvania Law Weekly, 8.

Rothchild, S. N. (1996). Beyond incarceration: Juvenile sex offender treatment programs offer youths a second chance. Journal of Law and Policy, 4(2), 719-758.

Shields, G., Schondel, C., & Lab, S. (1993). Treating the juvenile sex offender: Specialized court intervention vs. utilization of community resources. Journal of Law and Social Work, 4(2), 8-16.

Steen, S. (2001). Contested portrayals: Medical and legal social control of juvenile sex offenders. The Sociological Quarterly, 42(3), 325-350.

Tain, P. (July, 1998). Some youth sex offenders. Solicitors Journal, 142(29), 695.

Thakur, S. S. (2000). Juvenile sex offenders: Proposition 21 - the hope for a better solution. Journal of Juvenile Law, 21, 97-113.

Trivits, L. C., & Reppucci, N. D. (2002). Application of Megan's Law to juveniles. American Psychologist, 57(9), 690 -704.

Turoff, A. G. (2001). Throwing away the key on society's youngest sex offenders. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 91(4), 1127-1152.

Vieth, V. I. (2001). When the child abuser is a child: Investigating, prosecuting, and treating juvenile sex offenders in the new millennium. Hamline Law Review, 25(1), 47-78.

Witt, P. H., DelRusso, J., & Ferguson, G. (1996). Sex offender risk assessment and the law. The Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 24(3), 343-377.

Zavez, M. (1998). Child abuse registries and juveniles: An overview and suggestions for change in legislative and agency direction. Seton Hall Legislative Journal, 22(2), 405-435.

Juvenile Female Sex Offenders

Atcheson, J. D., & Williams, D. C. (1954). A study of juvenile sex offenders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 366-370.

Becker, J. V., & Hunter, J. A. (1997). Understanding and treating child and adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 177-197.

Bumby, K. M., & Halstenson Bumby, N. (1997). Adolescent female sexual offenders. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: New insights, treatment innovations, and legal developments (Vol. II, pp. 10-01 - 10-16). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Cavanagh Johnson, T. (1989). Female child perpetrators:Children who molest other children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 13, 571-585.

Fehrenbach, P. A., & Monastersky, C. (1988). Characteristics of female adolescent sexual offenders. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58(1), 148-151.

Fromuth, M. E., & Conn, V. E. (1997). Hidden perpetrators: sexual molestation in a nonclinical sample of college women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12(3), 456-466.

Higgs, D. C., Canavan, M. M., & Meyer, W. J. (1992). Clinical notes - Moving from defense to offense:The development of an adolescent female sex offender. Journal of Sex Research, 29(1), 131-139.

Hunter, J. A., Lexier, L. J., Goodwin, D. W., Browne, P. A., & Dennis, C. (1993). Psychosexual, attitudinal, and developmental characteristics of juvenile female sexual perpetrators in a residential treatment setting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2(4), 317-326.

Mathews, R., Hunter, J. A., & Vuz, J. (1997). Juvenile female sexual offenders: clinical characteristics and treatment issues. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 9(3), 187-199.

Ray, J. A., & English, D. L. (1995). Comparison of female and male children with sexual behavior problems. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 24(4), 439-451.

Scavo, R. R. (1989). Female adolescent sex offenders:A neglected treatment group. Social Casework: The Journal of Contemporary Social Work, 70(2), 114-117.

Adult Female Sex Offenders

Allen, C. M. (1991). Woman and men who sexually abuse children: A comparative analysis. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Allen, C. M., & Pothast, H. L. (1994). Distinguishing characteristics of male and female child sex abusers. Young Victims, Young Offenders, 73-88.

Chow, E. W. C., & Choy, A. L. (2002). Clinical characteristics and treatment response to SSRI in a female pedophile. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 31(2), 211-215.

Coulborn Faller, K. (1987). Women who sexually abuse children. Violence and Victims, 2(4), 263-276.

Denov, M. S. (2001). A culture of denial:Exploring professional perspectives on female sex offending. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 3(43), 303-329.

Eldridge, H. (1994). Barbara's story - a mother who sexually abused. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 74-87).New York: Guilford Press.

Faller, K. C. (1987).Women who sexually abuse.Violence and Victims, 2 (4), 263-274.

Finkelhor, D., & Russell, D. (1984). Women as perpetrators: Review of the evidence. In D. Finkelhor (Ed.), Child sex abuse: New theory and research. New York: Free Press.

Freel, M. (1995). Women who sexually abuse children. Norwich, UK: University of Hull.

Grayston, A. D., & De Luca, R. V. (1999). Female perpetrators of child sexual abuse: A review of the clinical and empirical literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 4(1), 93-106.

Grier, P. E., Clark, M., & Stoner, S. B. (1993). Comparative study of personality traits of female sex offenders. Psychological Reports, 73(3), 1378.

Matthews, J. K. (1994). Working with female sexual abusers. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 57-73). New York: Guilford Press.

Matthews, J. K., Mathews, R., & Speltz, K. (1991). Female sexual offenders: A typology. In M. Q. Patton (Ed.), Family Sexual Abuse (pp. 199-219).Newbury Park, CA:Sage Publications.

McCarty, L. M.(1986). Mother-child incest: Characteristics of the offender. Child Welfare,LXV (5),447-458.

Rowan, E. L., Rowan, J. B., & Langelier, P. (1990). Women who molest children. Bulletin of the American Acadamey of Psychiatry and the Law, 18(1), 79-83.

Saradijian, J., & Hanks, H. (1996). Women who sexualy abuse children. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Travin, S., Cullen, K., & Protter, B. (1990). Female sex offenders: Severe victims and victimizers. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 35(1), 140-150.

Wolfers, O. (1994). The paradox of women who sexually abuse children. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 93-99). New York: Guilford Press.

Young, V. (1994). Women abusers - a feminist view. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 100-114). New York: Guilford Press.

Adult Female & Juvenile Female Sex Offenders

Elliott, M. (1994). What survivors tell us – an overview. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 5-13). New York:Guilford Press.

Faller, K. C. (1995). A clinical sample of women who have sexually abused children. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 4(3), 13-30.

Harrison, H. (1994). Female abusers – what children and young people have told Childline. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 89-92). New York: Guilford Press.

Jennings, K. T. (1994). Female child molesters: A review of the literature. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 219-234). New York: Guilford Press.

Johnson, R. L., & Shrier, D. (1987). Past sexual victimization by females of male patients in an adolescent medicine clinic population. American Journal of Psychiatry., 144(5), 650-653.

Kaufman, K. L., Wallace, A. M., Johnson, C. F., & Reeder, M. L. (1995). Comparing female and male perpetrators' modus operandi. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(3), 322-333.

Knopp, F. H., & Lackey, L. B. (1987). Female sexual abusers: A summary of data from 44 treatment providers. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Mathews, R., Matthews, J. K., & Speltz, K. (1989). Female sexual offenders: An exploratory study. Orwell VT: Safer Society Press.

Matthews, J. K., Mathews, R., & Speltz, K. (1991). Female sexual offenders: A typology. In M. Q. Patton (Ed.), Family Sexual Abuse (pp. 199-219).Newbury Park, CA:Sage Publications.

Miccio-Fonseca, L. C. (2000). Adult and adolescent female sex offenders: Experiences compared to other female and male sex offenders. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 11(3), 75-88.

O'Connor, A. A. (1987). Female sex offenders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 615-620.

Peluso, E., & Putnam, N. (1996). Case study:Sexual abuse of boys by females. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(1), 51-54.

Schwartz, B. R., & Cellini, H. R. (1995). Female sex offenders. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: Corrections, treatment and legal practice (pp. 05-01 - 05-22). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Sgroi, S. M., & Sargent, N. M. (1994). Impact and treatment issues for victims of childhood sexual abuse by female perpetrators. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 14-35). New York: Guilford Press.

Miscellaneous

Barbaree, H. E., Hudson, S. M., & Seto, M. C. (1993). Sexual assault in society: The role of the juvenile offender. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 1- 24). New York: The Guilford Press.

Coleman, H. (1997). Gaps and silences:The culture and adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11(1), 1-13.

Deisher, R. W., Wenet, G. A., Paperny, D. M., Clark, T. F., & Fehrenbach, P. A. (1982). Adolescent sex offense behavior: The role of the physician. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 2, 279-286.

James, A. C., & Neil, P. (1996). Juvenile sexual offending:One-year period prevalence study within Oxfordshire. Child Abuse & Neglect, 20(6), 477-485.

Okami, P. (1992). Adversaria: "Child perpetrators of sexual abuse": The emergence of a problematic deviant category. Journal of Sex Research, 29(1), 109-130.

Openshaw, D. K., Graves, R. B., Ericksen, S. I., Lowry, M., Durso, D. D., Agee, L., Todd, S., & Jones, K. E. (1993). Youthful sexual offenders:A comprehensive bibliography of scholarly references, 1970-1992. Family Relations, 42 (222-226).

Ryan, G. (1986). Annotated bibliography: Adolescent perpetrators of sexual molestation of children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 10, 125-131.

Ryan, G. (1991). Incidence and prevalence of sexual offenses committed by juveniles. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 9-15). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1991). The historical response to juvenile sexual offenses. In G. D. Ryan & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 17-19). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). Incidence and prevalence of sexual offenses committed by juveniles. In G. Ryan & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 10-16). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Juvenile Sex Offender Alphabetical Bibliography